8 = 8v -4v -32 . . . . . . distributive property (eliminated parentheses)
8 = (8 - 4)v -32 . . . . . distributive property‡ (factored out v)
40 = 4v . . . . . . . . . . . addition property of equality (added 32)
10 = v . . . . . . . . . . . . division property of equality (divided by 4)
____
‡ the associative property of addition may be in there, too.
